Overview
The goal of this retrospective observational study is to evaluate the effectiveness of retrobulbar glucocorticoid injection in patients with retinal photo-injury. The main questions it aims to answer are:
Does retrobulbar glucocorticoid injection improve visual outcomes in patients with retinal photo-injury? Does retrobulbar glucocorticoid injection promote recovery of retinal structural and microvascular changes assessed by optical coherence tomography (OCT) and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA)? Patients with retinal photo-injury will be retrospectively identified and grouped according to the treatment they received. Clinical and ophthalmic data collected before treatment and during follow-up for up to 6 months will be reviewed, including best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), fundus photography, spectral-domain OCT (SD-OCT), and OCTA. Visual and retinal imaging outcomes will be compared between the two groups to evaluate the potential effectiveness of retrobulbar glucocorticoid treatment.
Eligibility
Inclusion Criteria:
- The diagnosis was established based on a history of exposure to a high-intensity light source and clinical manifestations such as metamorphopsia and reduced visual acuity, combined with findings from fundus examination and OCT-specifically, disruption or defects in the photoreceptor inner/outer segment (IS/OS) junction and the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) layer within the macular region.
The included patient should meet the aforementioned diagnostic criteria, and was diagnosed with retinal photic injury.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Unable or unwilling to sign the informed consent form, or unable to adhere to study procedures.
- Patients have conditions that significantly interfere with OCTA imaging, such as severe corneal opacity, cataracts, or vitreous hemorrhage.
- Patients who develop other concurrent eye diseases or severe comorbidities requiring immediate treatment during the follow-up period-such as glaucoma, uveitis, scleritis, retinal detachment, optic neuritis, diabetic retinopathy, macular hole, retinal neovascularization, sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, or other disorders affecting the retina and optic nerve.
- History of intraocular surgery or ocular trauma.
- Severe systemic diseases (e.g., serious cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, or hematopoietic disorders), or a history of intracranial surgery or intracranial space-occupying lesions.
- Inability to cooperate with ophthalmic examinations or failure to obtain satisfactory OCTA images for other reasons.
- Pregnant women, women planning pregnancy or breastfeeding, and patients with drug allergies.
- Suspected or confirmed history of alcohol or drug abuse.
- Patients currently participating in other clinical trials involving medications.
