Overview

The goal of this clinical study is to learn if cryoablation works to treat thyroid tumors. It will also learn about the safety of cryoablation for thyroid tumors. The main questions it aims to answer are:

• Does cryoablation shrink thyroid tumors over time?
• What side effects or problems do participants have after cryoablation?

Participants will receive cryoablation treatment guided by ultrasound. Researchers will track tumor size changes and check for any safety issues during follow-up visits.

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

【Group 1: Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma (PTC) patients】

1. Pre-operative ultrasound evaluation shows the maximum tumor diameter \<1 cm;
2. Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) confirmed by ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy;
3. Solitary PTC confirmed by pre-operative ultrasound;
4. Imaging examinations demonstrate no extrathyroidal invasion, cervical lymph node metastasis or distant metastasis.

【Group 2: Benign thyroid nodule patients】

1. Benign nodule confirmed by puncture biopsy;
2. Preoperative ultrasound confirms solid nodule with maximum diameter greater than 2 cm;
3. Patients refuse surgical treatment or cannot tolerate surgery, voluntarily receive thyroid ablation therapy and sign the informed consent form.

Exclusion Criteria:

【Group 1: Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma (PTC) patients】

• (1) Biopsy confirms high-risk subtype papillary thyroid carcinoma; (2) History of thyroid surgery or radiotherapy; (3) Complicated with malignant tumors in other sites; (4) Severe coagulation dysfunction, or patients taking oral anticoagulants who have not reached the required drug-withdrawal period; (5) Incomplete follow-up data. 【Group 2: Benign thyroid nodule patients】
  1. Patients with uncorrected psychiatric disorders or consciousness disturbance who cannot cooperate with treatment;
  2. Patients with neck extension disorders of various causes who cannot cooperate with treatment;
  3. Severe coagulation dysfunction, or patients taking oral anticoagulants who have not completed the required drug withdrawal period;
  4. Severe cardiopulmonary insufficiency and inability to lie supine for the procedure;
  5. Unrecovered recurrent laryngeal nerve injury contralateral to the lesion.