Overview
This study aims to compare the effectiveness of Isometric Strengthening Exercises versus Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation in the management of shoulder pain among individuals with diabetes mellitus.
Description
Shoulder pain is a prevalent musculoskeletal issue in individuals with diabetes, linked to chronic hyperglycemia and altered collagen structure, leading to mobility restrictions and impaired quality of life. Despite its commonality, there is limited research on specific physiotherapy interventions, particularly isometric strengthening exercises and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation. Investigating these interventions is crucial due to the unique pain thresholds and healing issues in diabetic patients. This study aims to provide evidence on how isometric exercises and Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation influence pain modulation and functional recovery, potentially optimizing rehabilitation strategies. The findings could support non-pharmacological treatments, reduce reliance on analgesics, and improve patient outcomes in managing shoulder pain in diabetic populations.
Eligibility
Inclusion Criteria:
- Age between 40-65 years, diagnosed as type 2 diabetes mellitus for at least 5 years
- Clinical diagnosis of unilateral frozen shoulder in the painful or stiff stage.
- Limitation of passive and active range of motion in external rotation, abduction, and flexion.
- Shoulder pain for at least 3 months.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Previous shoulder surgery or fracture.
- Cervical radiculopathy or neurological disorders.
- Rheumatoid arthritis or severe osteoarthritis.
- Cardiac pacemaker.
- Received corticosteroid injection within the last 3 months.
- diabetes mellitus type 1
- Participants with Vitamin B12 or D deficiency
- Osteoarthritis
