Overview
This study aims to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Cognitive Self-Efficacy Questionnaire in individuals with Parkinson's disease.
Eligibility
Inclusion Criteria:
- Clinical diagnosis of Parkinson's disease
- Hoehn and Yahr stage 1-3
- Age 40 to 85 years
- Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score ≥24
- Able to communicate and complete study assessments
- Attending the Movement Disorders Outpatient Clinic, Department of Neurology, Istanbul Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine Hospital
- Able and willing to provide written informed consent
Exclusion Criteria:
- Major depressive disorder or psychotic disorder
- Advanced dementia
- Severe visual impairment that may interfere with study assessments
- Severe hearing impairment that may interfere with study assessments
- Inability to cooperate with the physiotherapist
- Inability to complete the study assessments


