Overview
Patients with cirrhosis are frequently hospitalized due to an acute decompensation of their liver disease including bleeding, jaundice, encephalopathy, and volume overload. Volume overload is associated with increased mortality from acute hypoxic respiratory failure, hemorrhage from esophageal varices, and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.
Clinical practice guidelines describe sodium restriction and diuretics as first-line treatment, combined with regular body weight monitoring to assess response. In patients with suboptimal response to furosemide, alternative loop diuretics like torsemide or bumetanide may improve natriuresis. Bumetanide has a theoretic advantage over furosemide due to its more rapid and complete intestinal absorption, combined with a prolonged half-life in patients with hepatic dysfunction. In this pragmatic study, the aim is to compare the efficacy of diuresis with bumetanide versus furosemide among hospitalized patients with cirrhosis.
Eligibility
Inclusion Criteria:
- History of liver cirrhosis
- Clinician placed an order for bumetanide or furosemide in electronic health record within 24 hours of presentation to the hospital
Exclusion Criteria:
- Allergy to bumetanide or furosemide
- Contraindication to diuretic administration (e.g. active bleeding, clinical suspicion of hepatorenal syndrome, hypotension)
- Incarcerated or in custody of law enforcement
- Diuretic ordered for purpose other than volume overload (e.g. hyperkalemia, continuation of home medication without clinical signs of volume overload)
- Inpatient admission not anticipated
- Not admitted to an inpatient hospital bed following initial evaluation in the emergency department
