Overview

This study is a multicentre, ambidirectional, observational cohort study. The ambidirectional design incorporates both the collection of retrospective data from the three years prior to enrolment, and a prospective follow-up period of up to two years. The study is designed to evaluate the long-term effects of Integrated Medicine on radiographic progression in patients diagnosed with Ankylosing spondylitis (AS).

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• fulfill the 1984 modified New York criteria for ankylosing spondylitis or the 2009 Assessment of SpondyloArthritis International Society (ASAS) classification criteria for axial spondyloarthritis
• age between 18 and 75 years
• sign informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

• diagnosis of other autoimmune diseases besides the disease under investigation (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis, Sjögren's syndrome, erythema nodosum, myositis, etc.)
• pregnancy or lactation
• comorbid severe cardiovascular or cerebrovascular diseases, hepatic or renal failure, or malignancy
• spondyloarthritis related to enteropathic arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, or reactive arthritis
• unable to provide data due to mental, language, or similar factors.