Overview
This case-control study aims to investigate the effects of occupational hand-arm vibration exposure on median and ulnar nerve functions in tattoo artists. Chronic exposure to vibration generated by tattoo machines may lead to neurosensory impairment, reduced tactile sensitivity, and decreased hand strength. Objective assessments including nerve provocation tests, sensory threshold evaluation, two-point discrimination, vibration perception, grip and pinch strength measurements, and validated patient-reported outcome questionnaires will be used. Findings will be compared with age- and sex-matched healthy controls.
Description
This observational cross-sectional case-control study evaluates neurosensory and motor function differences between professional tattoo artists exposed to long-term occupational vibration and healthy controls. Chronic exposure to hand-arm vibration (HAV) has been associated with peripheral neuropathy, entrapment neuropathies, and sensory receptor dysfunction.
Participants will undergo standardized assessment including:
Tinel, Phalen, reverse Phalen, and elbow flexion tests
Semmes-Weinstein monofilament testing
Two-point discrimination
Vibration perception testing (30 Hz and 256 Hz)
Grip and pinch strength measurements
Brief Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire
Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire
The study aims to determine whether occupational vibration exposure is associated with measurable alterations in median and ulnar nerve sensory and motor function.
Eligibility
Inclusion Criteria:
- Age ≥ 18 years
- Professional tattoo artists with at least 1 year of occupational experience (case group)
- Healthy individuals without occupational vibration exposure (control group)
- Voluntary participation and provision of informed consent
- No upper extremity trauma or surgery within the last 6 months
Exclusion Criteria:
- Diagnosis of diabetes mellitus
- Diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy
- History of cervical radiculopathy or cervical disc herniation
- History of upper extremity surgery or injury
- Presence of rheumatologic or systemic inflammatory diseases
- Pregnancy
- Substance or alcohol abuse
- Engagement in a second occupation involving repetitive hand use or vibration exposure
