Overview

The primary purpose of this study is to determine the impact of whole-fat dairy consumption on cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors and peripheral vascular function in adults with metabolic syndrome.

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria: Presence of 3 of the following risk factors:

1. fasting plasma glucose ≥100 mg/dL (or medical therapy for elevated glucose)
2. HDL-C \<40 mg/dL in men or \<50 mg/dL in women (or medical therapy for reduced HDL-C)
3. Triglycerides ≥150 mg/dL (or medical therapy for elevated triglycerides)
4. Waist circumference \>102 cm for men and \>88 cm for women
5. Systolic blood pressure ≥130 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥80 mmHg (or medical therapy for hypertension)

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Cardiovascular disease diagnosis
2. Type 1 or 2 diabetes diagnosis
3. Dairy allergy or lactose intolerance
4. Self-reported high baseline dairy intake (\>3 servings per day)
5. \>3 hours of physical activity per week
6. Pregnant women
7. Inflammatory bowel disease
8. Chronic steroid use
9. Allergy to metal
10. GLP-1 agonist use
11. Patients on medications related to metabolic syndrome where dose adjustments are planned to be made during the study period.