Overview

To compare the efficacy and tolerability of Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) and Magnetic Seizure Therapy (MST) in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD).

Eligibility

Patients Inclusion Criteria:

Aged 12-80 years; Diagnosis confirmed by two psychiatrists per DSM-5; Stable medication regimen pre-enrollment; Indicated for neuromodulation OR with visual field defects.

Patients Exclusion Criteria:

Major systemic diseases; Prior neuromodulation within 3 months; Pregnancy or potential pregnancy; Metal implants or claustrophobia.

Healthy Control Inclusion Criteria:

Aged 12-80 years; No history of neuropsychiatric disorders; No significant systemic diseases; Normal or corrected vision.

Healthy Control Exclusion Criteria:

Metal implants or claustrophobia; Ocular diseases or surgery history.