Overview
This Phase 1/2 study evaluates the safety, feasibility, and preliminary anti-tumor activity of allogeneic donor-derived CAR-NK cells in participants with advanced solid tumors. The CAR target antigen is selected for each participant after tumor profiling using a tissue biopsy and/or liquid biopsy. Participants will receive either a single-target or dual-target CAR-NK product based on the antigen profile.
Description
This is an open-label, biomarker-driven adoptive cell therapy study.
Screening / Target Selection (Precision Step):
Participants undergo tumor antigen profiling using:
Tissue biopsy (preferred when safely feasible), and/or Liquid biopsy (e.g., circulating tumor DNA plus circulating tumor cells/exosome protein assay, as available in the platform).
Antigen profiling determines eligibility and assigns participants to:
Single-target CAR-NK if one antigen meets positivity thresholds, or Dual-target CAR-NK if two antigens meet thresholds or if heterogeneity is suspected.
Pre-specified target menu :
TROP2, Mesothelin (MSLN), B7-H3 (CD276), HER2, EGFR, GD2, Claudin18.2, GPC3, PSMA ("Target menu" can be expanded in amendments.)
Cell Source / Manufacturing Concept:
NK cells are obtained from a healthy allogeneic donor (unrelated or partially matched per site policy).
Donor NK cells are collected by leukapheresis, activated/expanded, and genetically modified to express:
a single CAR (Arm A) or a dual CAR / dual-target construct (Arm B). Final product is cryopreserved and released after sterility/identity/potency testing.
Conditioning \& Treatment:
Participants receive lymphodepleting chemotherapy followed by CAR-NK infusion(s). Many CAR-NK solid-tumor trials use conditioning regimens such as fludarabine and cyclophosphamide before infusion.
Optional cytokine support (e.g., low-dose IL-2) may be used per protocol to support NK persistence, consistent with approaches used in some CAR-NK studies.
Follow-up:
Intensive safety monitoring during the first 28 days. Tumor imaging at protocol-defined intervals. Correlative studies including CAR-NK persistence and ctDNA dynamics.
Eligibility
Inclusion Criteria:
- Age 18-75 years.
- Histologically or cytologically confirmed advanced/unresectable or metastatic solid tumor that is relapsed/refractory after standard therapy, or no standard therapy available.
- Targetable antigen positivity from the protocol target menu based on:
tissue biopsy and/or liquid biopsy platform (as defined in the lab manual).
- Arm assignment rules :
- Arm A: ≥1 antigen meets "positive" threshold
- Arm B: ≥2 antigens meet "positive" threshold
- ECOG performance status 0-1 (or 0-2 ).
- At least one measurable lesion by RECIST 1.1.
- Adequate organ function (hematologic, renal, hepatic, cardiac) within protocol-defined limits.
- Willingness to undergo blood draws and required biopsies (when medically feasible).
- Negative pregnancy test for participants of childbearing potential; agreement to effective contraception during and after study treatment.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Prior treatment with gene-modified cellular therapy (e.g., CAR-T, CAR-NK) within a defined washout period .
- Active, uncontrolled infection requiring IV antibiotics; known uncontrolled HIV; active HBV/HCV with detectable viral load (per local policy).
- Active CNS metastases requiring escalating steroids or urgent intervention (stable treated CNS disease may be allowed ).
- Active autoimmune disease requiring systemic immunosuppression, or chronic systemic steroids above protocol threshold.
- Clinically significant cardiovascular disease (e.g., recent MI, unstable arrhythmia), uncontrolled pulmonary disease, or other serious comorbidity that increases risk.
- Major surgery or anticancer therapy too close to lymphodepletion (protocol-defined washout).
- Pregnant or breastfeeding.