Overview
This randomized controlled trial aims to compare the postoperative analgesic efficacy of ultrasound-guided Sacral Erector Spinae Plane (ESP) block versus Dorsal Penile Nerve Block (DPNB) in pediatric patients aged 1-7 years undergoing hypospadias surgery. The primary outcome is the pain score assessed by the FLACC scale at the 12th postoperative hour
Description
Hypospadias surgery in pediatric patients can cause significant postoperative pain. While Dorsal Penile Nerve Block (DPNB) is a standard regional technique, the Sacral Erector Spinae Plane (ESP) block has emerged as a potential alternative for trunk and pelvic analgesia.
In this prospective, randomized, double-blind study, 70 pediatric patients (ASA I-II, aged 1-7) will be randomly assigned to receive either a Sacral ESP block or a DPNB under general anesthesia. Both blocks will be performed using ultrasound guidance with 0.1 mL/kg of 0.25% bupivacaine.
Postoperative pain will be assessed using the FLACC (Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability) scale at 30 minutes, 1, 2, 6, 12, and 24 hours. The study aims to determine if Sacral ESP provides superior or non-inferior analgesia compared to DPNB, specifically focusing on the 12th-hour pain scores, total analgesic consumption, and time to first rescue analgesic
Eligibility
Inclusion Criteria:
- Pediatric male patients aged 1-7 years.
- ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) physical status I or II.
- Scheduled for elective hypospadias surgery.
- Written informed consent obtained from parents/guardians
Exclusion Criteria:
- History of neurological deficit or developmental delay.
- Bleeding diathesis or known coagulopathy.
- History of allergy to local anesthetics.
- Infection or skin lesion at the block injection site.
- Congenital spinal anomaly.
- Mental retardation or history of psychiatric disease.
- Liver or kidney dysfunction