Overview
The purpose of the trial is to discover and predict the development of GDM of pregnant women in their first trimester.
Description
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a type of diabetes that affects pregnant women and often develops in the middle and later stages of pregnancy. GDM can lead to adverse maternal outcomes such as preeclampsia, and postpartum hemorrhage, and undesirable infant outcomes such as macrosomia and neonatal hypoglycemia. GDM also increases the risk of long-term consequences such as the development of type 2 diabetes in mothers, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular diseases. Gut microbiota has been shown to play a significant role in the etiology of metabolic illnesses, and recent studies have demonstrated that the gut microbiota of GDM women is altered compared to those of healthy women.
This trial aims to identify biomarkers during the first trimester (week 8-week 12) that can predict the likelihood of developing GDM while also examining potential links between GDM and gut microbiota. To achieve these objectives, the investigators have designed a trial that involves the collection of fecal samples from pregnant women for microbiome analysis at different stages of pregnancy. Although GDM is diagnosed at or after 24 weeks, the investigators will collect samples at the first, second, and third trimesters to determine if any alterations in the microbiome occur prior to symptom onset.
Eligibility
Inclusion Criteria:
Women between the age of 18-45 Groups A and B have to be confirmed pregnant by blood test
(confirmed by medical records) Subgroups A1 and B1 are pregnant women in their first
trimester Subgroups A2 and B2 are pregnant women in their second trimester Subgroups A3 and
B3 are pregnant women in their third trimester
Exclusion Criteria:
History of smoking or drinking during the pregnancy History of chronic diseases (cardiac,
kidney, diabetes, hypertension, IBD,etc). Laxative use within 2 days prior to sample
collection (The participant will be informed of the collection procedure by the recruiter
and will be made aware of this requirement, we will also confirm when the first sample is
taken through a phone call if for any reason the participant still made a mistake, will ask
her to collect another sample to replace it) Development of any serious pregnancy
complication during the participation period (e.g preeclampsia, preterm birth, miscarriage,
etc) Excessive vomiting, diarrhea, or gastrointestinal symptoms for more than 5 consecutive
days during the participation period. This will be confirmed through a weekly check-up call
by the on-site recruiter or by Dr.Yin if the patient seeks treatment
