Overview

This study will focus on (1) developing the Chinese characteristic-based VMI-focused program, namely visual-perception motor-coordination integration program (CCVPMCI) involving the most Chinese-handwriting-related skills training and (2) investigating the effectiveness of the CCVPMCI program on handwriting performance in children with handwriting difficulties in Taiwan.

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

1\. poorer handwriting performance than the peers referred from teachers.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. severe neurological or pervasive developmental disorders that might directly impeded writing
2. intellectual disability that might directly impeded writing
3. musculoskeletal, or sensory (hearing, vision) disorders that might directly impeded writing
4. difficulty in reading or expressing