Overview

The goal of this observational study is to learn whether noninvasive real-time arterial waveform monitoring can be used to assess cardiovascular diseases in adults. The main question it aims to answer is:

Can photoacoustic imaging accurately capture arterial waveforms from patients' fingers? Can features extracted from the arterial waveforms reflect the type and severity of cardiovascular diseases? Participants will be asked to place their fingers into the imaging device, where their finger arterial pulse information will be noninvasively recorded.

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• Age 18-80 years
• Able to provide informed consent
• For AR group: clinically diagnosed aortic regurgitation
• For AS group: clinically diagnosed aortic stenosis
• For healthy controls: no history of cardiovascular disease
• Able to undergo finger arterial waveform measurement

Exclusion Criteria:

• History of recent cardiac surgery or intervention (\<6 months)
• Hand disorders affecting finger mobility (e.g., arthritis)
• Pregnant or breastfeeding women
• Participation in other studies affecting arterial waveform
• Unable to understand or comply with study procedures