Overview

In this study, 60 patients with HER2 overexpression UTUC with high-risk recurrence factors after radical surgery were proposed to be enrolled, and were assigned to Cohort I (receiving adjuvant therapy group) and Cohort II (refusing to receive adjuvant therapy group) according to the subjects' wishes. Cohort I subjects were treated with vedicloxacinumab in combination with radiotherapy, and vedicloxacinumab treatment lasted for 6 months. Cohort II subjects receive close observation and best supportive care. Safety evaluations and efficacy evaluations will be performed during the study period. Safety Evaluations: Safety evaluations will be conducted within 3 days prior to each dose and will continue until 30 days after the last study dose or initiation of new antitumor therapy for subjects who have received at least one dose of study drug. Evaluation of effectiveness: effectiveness evaluations will be conducted every 12 weeks (±3 days) until imaging-confirmed tumor recurrence, subject death, withdrawal of informed consent, loss to follow-up, or study termination, whichever occurs first. Tumor assessment was performed according to the Criteria for Evaluation of Efficacy in Solid Tumors (RECIST v1.1). For subjects with disease progression, postoperative tumor recurrence, or initiation of other antitumor therapy, survival follow-up was performed every 3 months (window period ± 14 days) from the date of notification to collect information on the subject's subsequent antitumor therapy and survival until the subject's death, withdrawal of informed consent, loss of visit, or study termination, whichever occurred first.

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Voluntary enrollment and signing of written informed consent;
2. Age ≥ 18 years, male or female;
3. Pathologically confirmed UTUC with at least any one of the following conditions: ① pT2 (need to be combined with at least simultaneous G3/high-grade tumor multiple, multifocal positive margins and one of the high-risk recurrence factors); ② pT3 to pT4; ③ pN+;
4. Cisplatin intolerance or not receiving platinum-based drugs for adjuvant therapy;
5. No recurrent metastasis confirmed by imaging ≥4 weeks postoperatively;
6. HER2 immunohistochemistry (IHC) results of IHC 3+ or 2+, subject's previous test results (confirmed by the investigator), and study center results are acceptable;
7. Expected survival time ≥ 6 months;
8. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Physical Status (PS) score of 0 to 1;
9. Normal major organ function, i.e., fulfillment of the following criteria:
   • Routine blood tests (no blood transfusion and no G-CSF use within 14 days prior to screening): a) Hemoglobin ≥ 90 g/L; b) Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≥ 1.5 x 10\^9/L; c) Leukocyte count ≥ 3.0 × 10\^9 /L; d) Platelet count ≥ 80 × 10\^9/L ②Blood biochemistry (no albumin use within 14 days prior to screening): a) Albumin ≥ 28 g/L; b) Total bilirubin ≤ 2 x upper limit of normal (ULN); c) Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) ≤ 2.5 x ULN in the absence of liver metastases, and ALT, AST, and ALP ≤ 5 x ULN in the presence of liver metastases; d) Creatinine ≤ 1.5 x ULN or creatinine clearance (CrCl) ≥ 50 mL/min calculated by the Cockcroft-Gault formula ③Coagulation: a) International Normalized Ratio (INR) or Prothrombin Time (PT) ≤ 1.5 x ULN; b) Activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) ≤ 1.5 × ULN.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. A history of malignancy other than uroepithelial carcinoma, except in the following two cases: a) The patient has received potentially curative therapy and has had no evidence of the disease for 5 years; b) Basal cell carcinoma of the skin, squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, superficial bladder cancer, carcinoma in situ of the uterine cervix, and other carcinomas in situ for which resection was successfully received;
2. Prior allogeneic stem cell or parenchymal organ transplantation;
3. Patients who have received other prior anti-tumor systemic therapy (including herbal medicine with anti-tumor indications) less than 4 weeks after completion of therapy and prior to dosing in this study, or who have not recovered from adverse events caused by prior therapy to ≤ CTCAE grade 1 (with the exception of alopecia and hyperpigmentation);
4. Prior or current congenital or acquired immunodeficiency disease;
5. Active or previously documented autoimmune or inflammatory diseases (including, but not limited to: autoimmune hepatitis, interstitial pneumonia, inflammatory bowel disease, systemic lupus erythematosus, vasculitis, uveitis, pituitary gland inflammation, hyper- or hypothyroidism, and asthma requiring bronchodilator therapy), with vitiligo, or asthma that has resolved completely in childhood and does not require any intervention in adulthood;
6. Treatment with systemic immunosuppressive medication within 2 weeks prior to enrollment or anticipated need for systemic immunosuppressive medication during the study period, with the exception of the following: a) Intranasal, inhaled, topical, or locally injected (e.g., intra-articular injection) corticosteroids; b) Systemic corticosteroids in doses not exceeding 10 mg/day of prednisone or other equivalent effect; c) Prophylactic corticosteroids for hypersensitivity reactions;
7. Patients with a known or suspected history of hypersensitivity to vedicilumab and similar drugs, or a history of hypersensitivity to chimeric or humanized antibodies or fusion proteins, or to excipients of the study drug;
8. Prior thrombosis or thromboembolic event within the previous 6 months, such as stroke and/or transient ischemic attack, deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, etc;
9. Patients assessed by a physician to be at risk for severe bleeding, including but not limited to severe bleeding (\> 30 ml within 3 months), hemoptysis (\> 5 ml within 4 weeks), with gastroscopy/assessment in the event of any of the above, whichever is based on the microscopic assessment or active bleeding or coagulation abnormality, with a propensity to hemorrhage or undergoing thrombolytic, anticoagulant, or antiplatelet therapy;
10. clinically significant cardiovascular disease including, but not limited to, acute myocardial infarction, severe/unstable angina or coronary artery bypass grafting within the previous 6 months, congestive heart failure (New York Heart Association NYHA classification \> grade 2), arrhythmias that are poorly controlled or require pacemaker therapy, hypertension that is uncontrolled by medications (systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg);
11. Other significant clinical and laboratory abnormalities that, in the opinion of the investigator, compromise the safety evaluation, e.g., uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, grade II or greater peripheral neuropathy (CTCAE V5.0), abnormal thyroid function;
12. Serious infections that are active or poorly controlled clinically active infections, including: a) Positive for the AIDS virus (HIV) (HIV1/2 antibodies); b) Active Hepatitis B (HBsAg positive or HBV DNA \> 2000 IU/ml and abnormal liver function); c) Active hepatitis C (HCV antibody positive or HCV RNA ≥103 copies/ml and abnormal liver function); d) Active tuberculosis; e) Other uncontrolled active infection (CTCAE V5.0 \> grade 2);
13. Not yet recovered from surgery, e.g. presence of unhealed incisions or serious postoperative complications;
14. Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding, and female or male patients of childbearing potential who are unwilling or unable to use effective contraception;
15. other conditions that the investigator deems inappropriate for inclusion.