Overview

CPETecho is progressively employed in diagnostic settings for pathophysiological detection, offering comprehensive assessment of both pulmonary and cardiac functions. This technique evolves from its invasive counterpart, where a diagnostic catheter is employed for hemodynamic monitoring, by substituting the invasive component with non-invasive echocardiography. Nevertheless, data on the test-retest reliability of CPETecho remain sparse, a factor critical in differentiating between measurement effects and actual therapeutic impacts.

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• Capable of performing a maximal exercise test.
• Provide signed and dated informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

\- Unstable symptoms, whereby therapy cannot be delayed for a week.