Description

The investigators will use a randomized, two-group, pretest/posttest design to test the efficacy of the Personalized Approach To Habits - Sleep (PATH-S app) and explore the following research question: To what extent does exposure to the PATH-S app increase teens' knowledge, cues to action, perceived sleepiness, and self-efficacy related to improving sleep?

PATH-S will use casual gaming and intermittent reinforcement techniques to encourage teens to adopt and persist with personalized habits to improve sleep duration. Researchers worked with subject matter experts, physicians, and the intended audience to ensure the PATH-S app reflects the specific needs of high risk teens with asthma; minimize counter-productive duplications of services and resource expenditure; and create empowered opportunities for teens to improve their overall sleep and habits.

The Principal Investigator (PI), with input from the subject matter experts and physicians, developed necessary research materials, including the recruitment protocols, evaluation instrumentation, and human subjects consent materials . The PI also outlined the appropriate statistical analysis methods. All procedure documents were reviewed by the KDH Research \& Communication (KDHRC) Institutional Review Board before the evaluation launch.

Investigators will recruit participants through evaluation partners who will disseminate the study information to teens via electronic notifications and flyers. Evaluation partners include national asthma organizations. The notifications and flyers provide information about the goal of the study, participant eligibility, and a link to an eligibility form. Once a potential participant completes the eligibility form and s/he is eligible for the study, they will receive a link to a consent form located on a secure online platform.

After consent and enrollment into the study, teens will complete a pretest survey and be randomly assigned to the intervention or control group. The intervention group will be exposed to the PATH-S app, with educational material, and will complete an online posttest survey after 28 days. The control group participants will be exposed to a cloned copy of the PATH-S app, but without the educational material, and will complete an online posttest survey after 28 days. Participant responses to pretest and posttest survey measures will be linked using non-personal identifiers.

The investigators will download and export the data from Alchemer, along with data logged on the app, into encrypted Excel files and import the raw data into STATA. The investigators will match the pretest and posttest responses using the non-personal identifiers and conduct analyses to test for the effect of the PATH-S app exposure on changes in teens' knowledge, cues to action, perceived sleepiness, and self-efficacy related to improving sleep.

The initial feasibility criterion is: Statistically significant (p\<0.05) and positive relationship between exposure to PATH-S app and increased knowledge among the intervention group in comparison to the control group.