Overview

This multicentric, prospective study aims at:

evaluating the prevalence, etiology, characteristics, and 1one-year outcomes of immunocompromised patients hospitalized for Community-Acquired Pneumonia (CAP); conducting biochemical, microbiological and genetic analysis on collected samples.

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

Hospitalized patients with a confirmed diagnosis of Community-Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) characterized by at least one of the following risk factors for immunosuppression:

• AIDS,
• Aplastic anemia;
• Asplenia;
• Hematologic malignancy (e.g., lymphoma/acute or chronic myeloid leukemia/multiple myeloma);
• Chemotherapy within the last 3 months;
• Neutropenia defined as a white blood cell count less than 500/dL on a complete blood count;
• Use of biologics (including trastuzumab and therapy for autoimmune diseases (e.g., anti-TNF α), prescribed within the last 6 months before hospital admission;
• Solid organ transplant;
• Bone marrow transplant;
• Chronic oral steroid use (\>10 mg/day prednisone or equivalent ≥3 months before accessing the ED, or cumulative dose \> 600 mg prednisone);
• Use of corticosteroid therapy with a dose ≥ 20 mg prednisone or equivalent ≥14 days or cumulative dose \> 600 mg prednisone;
• Active malignancy;
• Malignancy within one year of pneumonia (excluding patients with localized skin cancer or early-stage malignancy);
• Lung malignancy with neutropenia/chemotherapy;
• Other solid malignancy with neutropenia/chemotherapy;
• Other immunodeficiency (including congenital/genetic immunosuppression and immunosuppressive therapy secondary to hematologic malignancy or solid malignancy);
• Primary immunodeficiency.

Exclusion Criteria:

• None