Overview
- To translate the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ) questionnaire into Urdu language of Pakistan.
- To determine the validity and reliability of cross cultural adapted and Urdu translated MLHFQ questionnaire version among HF patients.
Eligibility
Inclusion Criteria:
- Patients with chronic heart failure who sought treatment at the outpatient cardiology clinic.
- Who could read and write in Urdu and English language and are willing to participate in the study.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Decline consent
- Communication barriers or cognitive disorder as well as those with exacerbated condition and those who were not available for re-test were excluded from the study.