Overview

This study aims to compare the efficacy of different doses of glucocorticoids in local infiltration analgesia (LIA) during total knee arthroplasty (TKA) through a prospective single-center randomized controlled trial, and to explore the safety and feasibility of high-dose glucocorticoids. Through this research, the investigators hope to provide an optimized solution for post-TKA pain management, improve patients' postoperative recovery and quality of life, and offer scientific evidence for pain management following TKA.

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Male or female participants aged 18 years or older;
2. Undergoing primary unilateral total knee arthroplasty (TKA)for unilateral knee osteoarthritis(OA)at ourhospital;
3. Preoperative American Society of Anesthesiologists(ASA)physical status classification of 1-3;
4. Ability to provide informed consent and sign a written informed consent form.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Previous surgery on the operative knee or a history of infection in the operative knee;
2. Non-osteoarthritis conditions (including rheumatoid arthritis, traumatic arthritis, septic arthritis, and hemophilic arthritis);
3. Severe osteoarthritis (including flexion contracture \>30° or varus/valgus deformity \>30°);
4. Allergy to the relevant study drugs;
5. Presence of neuromuscular dysfunction in the ipsilateral limb;
6. Dependence on anesthetic drugs (defined as weekly use of opioids exceeding 100 mg morphine equivalents or local anesthetics for preoperative pain control for more than 3 months);
7. Poor systemic condition, including but not limited to: glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level \>12%; blood pressure \>170/110 mmHg (1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa); history of myocardial infarction, stroke, transient ischemic attack, acute congestive heart failure, or any acute coronary event within 6 months; dialysis or renal transplantation; pregnancy or lactation.