Overview
This study is investigating tobacco use and providing tobacco treatment among people experiencing homelessness in California, in San Francisco and Los Angeles.
Description
PRIMARY OBJECTIVES:
I. Biochemically verified 7-day point prevalence tobacco abstinence at 6-months follow-up.
II. Use expired carbon monoxide (CO) to confirm self-reports of abstinence using a cut-off of CO ≤5 parts per million (ppm).
SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:
I. Biochemically-verified 7-day point prevalence tobacco abstinence at 3-months follow-up.
II. Measured at 6-months follow-up, a total number of expired carbon monoxide (CO-negative samples).
III. Measured at 6-months follow-up, longest duration of abstinence (i.e., total number of uninterrupted days abstinent), proportion with 50% reduction in expired CO for those who do not quit smoking.
IV. Use expired CO to confirm self-reports of abstinence using a cut-off of CO ≤5 ppm.
- OUTLINE
Participants will be randomized to one of two groups:
- Intervention group receives 6 months of pharmacist consultation, monthly delivery of nicotine replacement therapy, and telephone wellness coaching.
- Control group receives pharmacist consultation and monthly delivery of nicotine replacement therapy for 3 months.
Participants will be followed up at 1, 3 and 6 months.
Eligibility
Inclusion Criteria:
- Age 18 years or older
- Able to understand study procedures and to comply with them for the entire length of the study.
- Ability of individual to understand a written informed consent document, and the willingness to sign it.
- Staying at the recruitment site and meeting criteria for homelessness as defined by the Homeless Emergency and Rapid Transition to Housing Act.
- Current smoking (smoking at least 5 cigarettes per day (cpd), verified via expired carbon monoxide (CO) \>= 8 ppm using Micro+pro Smokerlyzer).
- Having an intention to quit smoking within the next six months.
- English speaking.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Contraindication to any study-related procedure or assessment.
- Reasons that preclude the use of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) (e.g., pregnancy or myocardial infarction in the past two weeks).