Overview

This study aims to help Native Hawaiian adults quit smoking by testing two common methods: nicotine gum and group-based counseling. Participants will be assigned to one of three groups: (1) nicotine gum only, (2) group counseling only, or (3) a combination of both. The study will take place at public housing sites on O'ahu. Researchers will check if these approaches-alone or in combination-can support people in successfully quitting smoking. The goal is to find out which method works best and is most acceptable in this community.

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• Self-identifies as full or part Native Hawaiian
• Between the ages of 18 and 80 years, inclusive, at eligibility screening
• Currently smoking ≥5 cigarettes per day (self-report) at eligibility screening
• Has smoked more than 100 cigarettes in his/her lifetime (self-report)
• Affiliated with one of three (3) designated public housing complexes at which the intervention will be delivered: Kalihi Valley Homes, Kuhio Park Terrace, Mayor Wright Housing
• Willing to make a smoking cessation attempt the day after the first study visit (i.e., date of consent)
• Willing to engage in use of nicotine replacement therapy gum (NRT gum) and/or smoking cessation-focused cognitive-behavioral group therapy (CBGT)
• Participant must agree to not use any form of pharmacotherapy (i.e., prescription medication or any form of nicotine replacement therapy) to try to quit smoking during the 12-week study period, except as specifically assigned to his or her study condition and distributed by the research team
• Participant must agree to not use other tobacco or nicotine products (e.g., cigars, little cigars, electronic cigarettes, nicotine pouches) during the 12-week study period
• Participant must agree to not smoke or vape cannabis (i.e., marijuana) during the 12- week study period
• Participant must agree to not use other illicit drugs, including prescription opioid medications, during the 12-week study period
• Participant must be able to speak, read, and write English
• Participant must be able to understand the study procedures and agree to participate in the study by providing written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

• Pregnant or nursing, or planning to become pregnant or breastfeed in the next three (3) months
• Use of pharmacotherapy (i.e., prescription medication or any form of nicotine replacement therapy) to try to quit smoking in the 30 days prior to eligibility screening
• Use of other tobacco or nicotine products (e.g., cigars, little cigars, electronic cigarettes, nicotine pouches) in the 30 days prior to eligibility screening
• Use of smoked or vaped cannabis (i.e., marijuana) in the 30 days prior to eligibility screening
• Use of other illicit drugs, including prescription opioid medications, in the 30 days prior to eligibility screening