Overview

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if community-based exercise training can benefit patients aged 18 to 85 with diminished cardiovascular and pulmonary function. The main aim of this study is:

• Establish a community or home-based fitness training program for patients with cardiopulmonary insufficiency to improve adherence, safety, and efficacy while alleviating the burden on both patients and society.

Researchers will compare community-based exercise training to non-exercise training to see if community-based exercise training works to improve cardiovascular and pulmonary function.

Participants will:

• Engage in community or home exercise training for 40-60 minutes, five times weekly, during a duration of eight weeks. Exercise modalities are primarily determined by the patients' individual preferences and habits, such as brisk walking, running, swimming, cycling, and hiking.
• Adjust the exercise intensity according to their cardiopulmonary exercise test and the person's perceived exertion level.
• Utilize fitness bracelets or watches to document statistics during workouts and submit them to the experimenter weekly, covering the five days of exercise within that week.
• refrain from making any dietary modifications throughout the trial.

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Patients aged 18 to 85 with abnormal pulmonary or cardiovascular function.
2. Individuals who have completed a medical screening form to confirm they are free from illnesses and prescription medications that could impair their ability to complete the required testing and fitness training.
3. Participants who did not engage in structured, systematic moderate-to-intense strength or endurance training during the study period (specifically, not within the previous year).
4. At the onset of the trial, participants were physically active but had never participated in formal exercise more than twice a week.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Patients with neuromuscular or skeletal disorders, or systemic diseases such as diabetes, cancer, or heart disease.
2. Individuals using medications known to affect health or the interpretation of study results.
3. Participants who have engaged in organized, systematic endurance or strength training of moderate to high intensity within the past year.
4. Patients who decline to participate in the study.
5. Other medical conditions or states that render exercise training inappropriate.