Overview
This study will aim to investigate whether systemic inflammatory markers-especially the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR)-obtained from preoperative complete blood counts can predict the development of post-dural puncture headache (PDPH) in obstetric patients undergoing cesarean section under spinal anesthesia.
Eligibility
Inclusion Criteria:
- Women aged 18 years or older
- Underwent elective or emergency cesarean section under spinal anesthesia
- Had complete preoperative complete blood count (CBC) data available
- No known hematological or inflammatory disease
- No intraoperative complications recorded
- Medical records accessible for postoperative follow-up regarding PDPH symptoms
Exclusion Criteria:
- Age under 18
- Absence of preoperative complete blood count data
- Presence of hematologic malignancy, active infection, autoimmune disease, or immunosuppressive therapy
- Platelet count <150,000/mm³ or INR >1.5
- Incomplete or missing medical records