Overview
The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of ketamine as an adjuvant in external oblique intercostal plane block for post thoracotomy pain.
Eligibility
Inclusion Criteria:
- Age ≥ 18 years.
- Both sexes.
- American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) physical status I-III.
- Scheduled for open thoracotomy.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Patients with neurological or intellectual disability.
- Infection at the injection site.
- Opioid addiction.
- Allergic reaction to local anesthetics.
- Coagulation abnormalities.
- Drug abuse.
- Pregnancy.
- Severe liver and/or renal failure.
- Severe cardiovascular problems.