Overview
This study aims to determine the relationship between dietary patterns and hair zinc levels with body composition, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and blood pressure in women of reproductive age from different ethnic backgrounds in Jakarta, Indonesia (specifically Minangkabau, Sundanese, Javanese, Betawi, and Chinese). Participants are assessed once through dietary assessment, anthropometric measurements, and biological sample collection.
Description
This cross-sectional observational study will evaluate dietary patterns and their association with nutritional status and inflammation in women of reproductive age. Participants will undergo dietary intake assessments (including the SQ-FFQ and a 3-day food diary), anthropometric and body composition measurements using the BOD POD (weight, height, fat mass, fat-free mass), and biospecimen sampling (blood and hair) for laboratory analysis of TNF-α and hair zinc concentrations. These findings are expected to offer information about dietary determinants and zinc micronutrient status that influence body composition, inflammation, and blood pressure in urban reproductive-age women from diverse ethnic backgrounds.
Eligibility
Inclusion Criteria:
- Women aged 19-49 years
- Residing in Jakarta for at least 6 months
- Currently menstruating (not menopausal)
- From Minangkabau, Sundanese, Javanese, Betawi, or Chinese ethnicity
- Not pregnant or breastfeeding at the time of study
Exclusion Criteria:
- History of chronic diseases (e.g., diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer)
- Currently on a medically prescribed diet or taking medication affecting nutrient status
- Any condition interfering with accurate body composition measurement