Overview

Various structural and functional problems in neural, sensory and perceptual, cardiovascular, pulmonary, gastrointestinal, endocrine, and musculoskeletal systems occur in geriatrics not associated with a specific disease. One of the problems observed in geriatrics is chewing and swallowing disorders. Failure to detect changes in chewing and swallowing performance in elderly individuals at an early stage may lead to chewing and swallowing disorders and serious complications in later stages. Therefore, it is necessary to comprehensively and systematically address the possible factors affecting chewing and swallowing performance in geriatric individuals.

The first aim of the study is to analyze the factors affecting chewing and swallowing performance in geriatric individuals within the scope of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF). The second aim of the study is to create a dysphagia risk prediction model for geriatric individuals based on the results of the analyses to be conducted.

In the study, the dependent variables, chewing performance, will be evaluated with the Chewing and Swallowing Test of Solids, and swallowing performance will be assessed with the Repetitive Saliva Swallowing Test and Dysphagia Limit. Independent variables affecting chewing and swallowing performance have been considered within the scope of the ICF, and all possible factors determined for both geriatrics and swallowing have been listed, and the evaluation parameters and assessment tools have been decided. The evaluation parameters have been categorized under ICF headings such as personal factors, body structures, body functions, activity and participation, and environmental factors, and the evaluations to be conducted have been divided into two groups: geriatric and physiotherapy evaluations. The geriatric evaluations are part of routine geriatric assessment and do not include any specific evaluation for the study. Physiotherapy evaluations will be applied in a certain order to use time efficiently and will take approximately 35-45 minutes. Through geriatric and physiotherapy evaluations, a holistic assessment of participants within the scope of ICF will be ensured.

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• being voluntary to participation,
• Being over 65 years old,
• Understanding and following simple instructions,
• Being able to walk independently for 4 meters.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Having a problem that prevents communication and/or following simple instructions.