Description

The Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) Model was developed by Ralf Schwarzer in 1992 to understand the process of health behavior change. The Health Action Process Approach Model focuses on the "intention-behavior gap", which states that intentions to perform the behavior are sometimes not sufficient to take action to perform the behavior. Other social cognitive models are criticized for this "intention-behavior gap". Because in most of these models, it is stated that intention is the most important predictor for behavior change, and if the intention to perform the behavior is formed, the behavior will occur; however, intentions do not always turn into behavior. In order to close the intention-behavior gap, the HAPA Model proposes to evaluate the pre-intention motivation processes that lead to behavioral intention and the post-intention volitional processes that lead to behavior in two separate stages. The motivation stage of the model includes the components of "risk perception", "outcome expectations" and "action self-efficacy" and it is thought that the formation of behavioral intention depends on these components. The volitional stage of the model includes "action planning", "coping planning", "coping self-efficacy", "improvement self-efficacy" and "social support" and these are effective in the realization and maintenance of health behaviors. The HAPA Model is an important model in terms of providing a detailed and comprehensive description of the motivation processes before the formation of health behavior intention, the transformation of intention into behavior and the maintenance of behavior within these components. The volitional stage of the model includes "action planning", "coping planning", "coping self-efficacy", "improvement self-efficacy" and "social support" and these are effective in the realization and maintenance of health behaviors. The HAPA Model is an important model in terms of providing a detailed and comprehensive description of the motivation processes before the formation of health behavior intention, the transformation of intention into behavior and the maintenance of behavior within these components.

Health Action Process Approach-Based Program: The program is planned for six weeks (six sessions). Sessions will be held once a week for 30-45 minutes. Within the scope of the program, care - structured nursing care plans based on the Health Action Process Approach will be made -, education and counseling will be provided. Sessions will be held in a quiet, calm environment in the hospital, and if such an environment cannot be provided, they will be held at the patient's home. The day, time and place of the sessions will be decided together with the participant after each interview or session. At the beginning of each session, the previous session will be briefly recalled and the homework (SWOT analysis, treatment adherence tracking chart or SMART goal plan) given in the previous session will be evaluated. At the end of each session, the evaluation of that day's session will be carried out briefly.

In the study, two groups will be formed as intervention and control groups. No program will be applied to the intervention group. Routine treatment and care will continue. The control group will receive routine treatment and care as well as a program based on the Health Action Process Approach. Hemodialysis Treatment Adherence Handbook will be given to the intervention group when the study is completed. Participants in both groups will fill out the Health Action Process Approach-Based Participant Evaluation Form, Laboratory Tests Monitoring Form, End Stage Renal Failure Compliance Scale, Fluid Control Scale in Hemodialysis Patients, Dietary Knowledge Scale of Hemodialysis Patients, Dietary Behavior Scale of Hemodialysis Patients and Quality of Life (SF-36) Form. These forms will be completed at the beginning of the study (week 0), week 6 (at the end of the program), month 3 and month 6.