Description

This study compares cryoablation with breast surgery for the treatment of early-stage breast cancer (T1N0M0), evaluating locoregional recurrence, cost-minimization, and disease-free survival.

The primary objective is to demonstrate the non-inferiority of cryoablation compared to breast surgery for local treatment of early-stage breast cancer over five years, as well as to perform a cost-minimization analysis to compare the direct costs of both treatments over one year.

The secondary objectives include assessing locoregional recurrence at one year, evaluating disease-free survival and overall survival over five years, analyzing circulating tumor cells (CTCs) as prognostic factors and for monitoring cryoablation at baseline (study inclusion), six months, and twelve months, measuring patient satisfaction one year after randomization using the Breast-Q questionnaire, and assessing quality of life using the EQ-5D questionnaire.

Cryoablation is a nonsurgical, minimally invasive technique that destroys tumor tissue through cyclic freezing and thawing using cryoprobes. This process induces cellular death without requiring hospitalization, allowing for faster recovery.

Additionally, the study incorporates a de-escalated and personalized approach to breast cancer treatment by omitting sentinel lymph node biopsy, integrating ultrahypofractionated radiotherapy, and utilizing liquid biopsy.