Overview
Implant supported superstructure is necessary for long term success and durability of the implant itself in terms of stresses distribution and fracture strength capability.1 Stresses falling on an implant are too much greater than those applied on a tooth structure with a periodontal ligament offering a degree of elasticity. The important mechanical and physical properties of materials used for the fabrication of dental prostheses include adequate flexural and tensile strength and modulus of elasticity, maximum fracture resistance, optimal bond strength and adequate polishability.
Description
The relationship between implants/ prosthetic components and the surrounding soft and hard tissues is complex and determines the final clinical result. For example, crestal bone resorption, frequently observed following implant placement or following loading, may be related to factors such as the establishment of the biologic width, the macro design of the cervical area of the implant and possible surface treatments, the type of implant/abutment connection, the positioning of the implant in relation to the bone crest, the width of the alveolar ridge, the distance between contiguous implants, the surgical procedure, and the effects of overloading and peri-implantitis. The establishment of the biologic width perse is related to a series of events that results in remodeling of the bone that surrounds the implants, a fact that has been observed by histomorphometry and radiographic analysis.
The aim of the present study was to compare and evaluate the survival rate and crestal bone levels around immediately placed implants in the esthetic zone with delayed, progressive, or immediately placed.
Eligibility
Inclusion Criteria:
- fully dentulous people over 25 who complained of the mobility of 4 mandibular incisor teeth, or partially dentulous people who missed 2 mandibular central incisor teeth and had periodontally affected the neighboring lateral incisor teeth.
- These individuals were subsequently treated with 2 implants supporting FPDs and following a delayed, progressive, or immediate loading protocol
- Class 0 or 1 bone defects after tooth extraction, were only included in the study
- The medical records included data regarding implant type, width, and length, surgical procedure, annual hygienist treatments, radiographs, and implant insertion date
Exclusion Criteria:
- had less than 1 years of follow-up, had incomplete restorative or surgical data, had non-diagnostic radiographs, had more or less than 4 unit fixed partial denture
- patients did not present for annual follow-up visits to evaluate oral hygiene measures or treat mechanical or technical complications.
- Individuals with bone defects class 2, 3, 4, or 5 after mandibular lateral incisor tooth extraction were also excluded.