Overview

Thoracic surgery is now common and as other surgeries evolution of minimally invasive techniques is employed. Video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) produces little scar but may produce severe pain that may affect the pulmonary function. Many procedure was developed like intercostal nerve block which require injections at multiple levels, Insertion of local anaesthetic (LA) in the surgical drain but that was dangerous due to the large amount of LA and not sufficient to completely eliminate pain. Bupvicaine nebulization, through surgical port which won't make any other wound, thought to be sufficient because Nebulization will enable us better distribution and less amounts of LA. Bupvicaine is local anaesthetic amide group that works by blocking sodium channels thus preventing progression of action potential.

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients that reach American socity of anesthesiologist class 1-3
• Scheduled for VATS surgery under general anesthesia.

Exclusion Criteria:

• ● Allergy to local anesthetics
  • Patient with pleural inflammation due to recent pneumonia
  • Patients who are unable or unwilling to perform spirometer test
  • Renal dysfunction: (Elevated creatinine > 2 mg\dl)
  • Hepatic dysfunction: (Elevated hepatic enzymes three times above normal value)
  • History of addiction