Overview
- Objectives
-
- To determine intraperitoneal (IP) progression free survival after optimal debulking and heated intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) with cisplatin in patients with IP spread of adrenocortical cancer.
- Determine morbidity of this procedure in this patient population.
- Determine the impact of surgery and HIPEC on quality of life (QOL) and hormone excess.
- Examine patterns of recurrence (local versus systemic).
- Determine overall survival after optimal debulking and HIPEC in patients with IP spread of adrenocortical cancer.
Description
Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare tumor with an overall 5-year mortality rate of 75 - 90% and an average survival from the time of diagnosis of 14.5 months. The treatment of choice for a localized primary or recurrent tumor is surgical resection of all visible tumor and involved organs. For unresectable metastatic or recurrent disease, mitotane, aminoglutethimide, metapyrone, and ketoconazole are used. This would be the standard of care alternative treatment.
Cisplatin is one of the most effective chemotherapeutic agents for ACC. Phase I and II trials using heated intraperitoneal (IP) chemotherapy with cisplatin have been conducted in other tumors that spread primarily to the peritoneal lining of the abdomen. Synergy has been demonstrated for cisplatin and hyperthermia. The purpose of this trial is to determine if an surgical approach with intraperitoneal administration of heated cisplatin when tumor volume is minimal, can impact and improve on progression free survival.
Eligibility
INCLUSION CRITERIA
- Histologically proven ACC with the majority of disease confined to the peritoneal cavity and resectable or amenable to radiofrequency ablation
- Disease evaluable by CT or Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging
- All disease should be deemed resectable based on imaging studies e.g.:
- Hepatic metastases (unilateral or bilateral less than or equal to 5 lesions, less than or equal to 15 cm total diameter)
- Note: Hepatic lesions must be amenable to complete resection
- Primary peritoneal metastases (small disease load less than or equal to P2 disease) without massive ascites or intestinal obstruction
- Lung metastases (less than or equal to 3 unilateral/bilateral, 9 cm total diameter)
- Note: lung lesions must be amenable to complete resection
- Note: Patients with both pulmonary and hepatic metastases will be enrolled at the discretion of the PI
- Note: In situations where resection to Completeness of Cytoreduction Score (CC) 0 or 1 is uncertain, patients may undergo diagnostic laparoscopy prior to enrollment to determine feasibility of resection.
- Greater than or equal to 18 years of age
- Able to understand and sign the Informed Consent Document
- Clinical performance status of Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) less than or equal to 2
- Life expectancy of greater than three months
- Patients of both genders must be willing to practice birth control during and for four months after receiving chemotherapy
- Hematology:
- Absolute neutrophil count greater than 1500/mm^3 without the support of Filgrastim.
- Platelet count greater than 75,000/mm^3.
- Hemoglobin greater than 8.0 g/dl.
- Chemistry:
- Serum creatinine less than or equal to 1.5 mg/dl unless the measured creatinine clearance is greater than 60 mL/min/1.73 m2
- serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) within 5 times the upper limit of normal and a total serum bilirubin of less than 3 times the upper limit of normal, both of which define the upper limit of grade 2 treatment related toxicities.
- Prothrombin time (PT) within 2 seconds of the upper limit of normal (INR less than or equal to 1.8)
- Recovered from any toxicity to grade 2 or less from all prior chemotherapy,
immunotherapy or radiotherapy and be at least 30 days past the date of their last treatment with the exception of mitotane which may be continued.
- Able to understand their disease and the exploratory nature of combining surgery and HIPEC for this histology.
EXCLUSION CRITERIA
- Concomitant medical problems that would place the patient at unacceptable risk for a major surgical procedure.
- History of congestive heart failure and/or an left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) less than 40%
Note: Patients at increased risk for coronary artery disease or cardiac dysfunction (e.g.,
greater than 65yo, diabetes, history of hypertension, elevated LDL, first degree relative
with coronary artery disease) will undergo full cardiac evaluation and will not be eligible
if they demonstrate significant irreversible ischemia on stress thallium or an ejection
fraction less than 40%.
- Significant chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or other chronic pulmonary
restrictive disease with pulmonary function test (PFT) indicating an forced expiratory
volume at one second (FEV1) less than 50% or a diffusing capacity of lung for carbon
monoxide (DLCO) less than 40% predicted for age.
Note: Patients who have shortness of breath with minimal exertion or who are at risk for
pulmonary disease (e.g., chronic smokers) will undergo pulmonary function testing and will
not be eligible if their FEV1 is less than 50% of expected.
- Grade 2 or greater neuropathy
- Women of child-bearing potential who are pregnant or breastfeeding because of the
potentially dangerous effects of the chemotherapy on the fetus or infant.
- Brain metastases or a history of brain metastases
- Childs B or C cirrhosis
- Evidence of severe portal hypertension by history, endoscopy, or radiologic studies
Note: Any diagnosis of portal hypertension or clinical stigmata of such including but not
limited to gastric or esophageal varices, umbilical vein varices or telangiectasias.
- Weight less than 30 kg
- Active systemic infections, coagulation disorders or other major medical illnesses of
the cardiovascular, respiratory or immune system, myocardial infarction, cardiac
arrhythmias, obstructive or restrictive pulmonary disease