Overview
Childhood chronic vasculitis describes a group of rare life-threatening diseases that have in common inflammation of blood vessels in vital organs such as kidneys, lungs and brain. Most knowledge about them comes from adult patients. Severe disease requires aggressive life-saving treatments with steroids and some cancer drugs which can themselves cause damage, and increase risks of cancer and severe infections. Conversely, milder disease can be treated with less toxic drugs. Different classification and "scoring tools" are used to define the types and severity of vasculitis and to measure damage caused by disease or drugs. These in turn help direct how aggressively to treat a patient and to measure outcome. None of these tools however have been assessed in children and the best balance of disease and treatment risks against outcome for children is not known. Although causes of these diseases in children and adults are probably the same, the effects of the disease and the response (good and bad) to drugs will differ in growing children. Because specialists may see only one new child with vasculitis each year, obtaining enough information to learn about childhood vasculitis requires cooperation. We will use an international web-based registry to which doctors from 50 or more centers can contribute patient data. We will determine the features which help better classify and diagnose children compared to adults. Through the web we will collect and analyze information on patients similarly classified and "scored" so that most successful treatments can be identified. Children with vasculitis are less likely to have diseases associated with aging, alcohol and smoking etc., and therefore may be a better group in whom to study the underlying biology of vasculitis. We will use this opportunity and collect spit, blood and tissue from registry patients for laboratory study with an aim to find biomarkers to better classify, define and direct optimal treatment and outcomes.
Description
We anticipate enrollment and collection of clinical data from as many as 600 children with various forms of childhood vasculitis, with approximately one third (200) of those children also contributing biological samples for study.
For children with vasculitis who are enrolled in the study, clinical information will be obtained from the medical chart from the time of diagnosis, post-induction (3-6 months post diagnosis) visit, 12-month clinic visit, and their most recent clinic visit or last clinic visit before discharge to adult care (ie. final outcome visit). Information that will be collected includes laboratory test results, biopsy and imaging results, disease activity, clinical history, and medications. Blood, urine, and saliva samples will also be collected at each clinic visit. If the subject experiences a disease flare, clinical data and biological samples will be collected at the time of the flare and at a later date when the disease remits.
The PedVas study is linked to an adult vasculitis initiative called DCVAS: Diagnosis and Classification Criteria in Vasculitis. Our DCVAS co-investigators and collaborators will recruit up to 250 adults at or near the time of diagnosis of the following forms of vasculitis: GPA, MPA, EGPA, TA, and UCV. Clinical data will be collected as part of the DCVAS study; this includes information such as laboratory test results, disease activity, and clinical history. Blood will also be collected and analyzed in parallel with samples collected from children with vasculitis. Finally, a DNA-biobank will be created and will house samples from approximately 700 adults and representing all forms of vasculitis. Recruitment will proceed according to DCVAS approved protocols and it will be conducted at participating DCVAS centres after the patient has formally consented to participation in the DCVAS study.
All biological samples will be processed and analyzed in Vancouver at the BC Children's Hospital Research Institute and at the University of British Columbia. Detailed data will be collected in electronic format and include demographic variables, socioeconomic status, detailed clinical history & physical findings, anthropometric measures, and measures of disease activity. All data for systemic vasculitis patients will be directly entered at each site into a secure, online, web-based data entry system called REDCap which is managed through the data management centre at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver.
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria for vasculitis subjects:
- Diagnosed with ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV: such as Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (GPA), Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (EGPA) and Microscopic Polyangiitis (MPA)), Primary Angiitis of the Central Nervous System (PACNS), Unclassified vasculitis, Takayasu's Arteritis (TA) or Polyarteritis Nodosa (PAN) before age 18
Inclusion criteria for healthy controls:
- Healthy adult or child
Exclusion Criteria for vasculitis subjects:
- Diagnosed with other vasculitis subtypes not listed above
- More than 20 years of age
Exclusion criteria for healthy controls:
- Donated greater than 20 ml of blood in the previous three weeks
- Has an immune disorder or blood borne infectious diseases (such as HIV or Hepatitis)
- Has vasculitis, multiple sclerosis, diabetes, an autoimmune disease, a thyroid condition, or other chronic conditions involving the heart, lungs, gut or kidney
- Has a previous history of anaemia or abnormal blood clotting
- Has a current or previous drug abuse problem