Overview
Systemic lupus erythematous (SLE) is a heterogeneous autoimmune disease that involve many different organs and display a variable clinical course. The prevalence of SLE varies across gender, race/ethnicity, and geographic regions. SLE demonstrates a striking female predominance with a peak incidence of disease during the Reproductive years. In adults, the female to male ratio is 10- 15:1(1)( 2)
Clinical features in individual patients can be quite variable and range from mild joint and skin involvement to severe, life-threatening internal organ disease. Constitutional symptoms, rash, mucosal ulcers, inflammatory polyarthritis, photosensitivity, and serositis are the most common clinical features of the disease. (3) (4) Anti-DFS70 antibodie) and their clinical associations remain an immunological paradox. Unlike other antinuclear antibodies , there is a growing body of evidence that anti-DFS70 antibodies, when present in high titers and in isolation (without accompanying other antibodies), are useful to aid in the exclusion of antinuclear antibodies associated rheumatic diseases. (8)
Anti-DFS70 antibodies were not associated with lupus nephritis development in Systemic lupus erythematosus patients but were associated with anti-dsDNA antibodies , proliferative lupus nephritis, and renal activity index . This suggests their potential to serve as a non-histological biomarker for lupus nephritis subclass and activity status. (8)
Eligibility
Inclusion Criteria:
- Patients who fulfill the 2019 American College of Rheumatology/European League against Rheumatism classification criteria of Systemic Lupus Erythematous . (9)
- Patients who is able to give informed consent to join the study.
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Exclusion Criteria:
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- Any patient with any collagen disease other than systemic lupus erythematous