Overview
Objective of this study is to 1) analyze the clinical, anatomical and periprocedural differences of patients who underwent a procedure related to coronary CTO through the antergrade approach and retrograde approach; 2) analyze the success rate of the procedures and the incidence and patterns of complications; 3) compare and analyze long-term performances after the successful procedure; and 4) identify the independent factors that require a retrograde approach and the prognostic factor regarding long-term performances after use of each approach.
Eligibility
Inclusion Criteria:
- Patients aged>=19
- Patients who have a CTO lesion in at least one or more epicardial coronary artery 2.5 mm in blood vessel diameter
- Patients who have symptoms of angina or objectively proven myocardial ischemia (asymptomatic myocardial ischemia, stable or unstable angina, non - -ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction)
- Patients who voluntarily agreed to the protocol and the clinical follow-up plan (or let their representative do this), and signed the informed consent form approved by the IRB of each study institute
Exclusion Criteria:
- Patients who are pregnant or lactating or have childbearing potential Patients in whom contrast medium and heparin are contraindicated or who are hypersensitive to them
- Patients in whom aspirin, clopidogrel, ticagrelor and prasugrel, cilostazol are contraindicated
- Patients scheduled to undergo a surgery, etc. that requires discontinuance of an antiplatelet drug within 12 months after participation in the study
- Acute ST elevation myocardial infarction at the time of hospitalization
- Terminally ill patients with their life expectancy < one year
- Patients who have serious diseases other than cardiac diseases that may affect limitation of residual life time or observation of the protocol (e.g. oxygen-independent chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, persisting hepatitis or serious hepatic insufficiency, severe renal disease, etc. Be left up to the discretion of the investigator.)