Overview
This is a Phase 1b, open-label study evaluating Venetoclax in combination with intensive induction and consolidation chemotherapy in previously untreated, adult patients with acute myeloid leukemia. In Part 1, the dose escalation phase, the safety and tolerability of the combination with Venetoclax at different doses and duration will inform the appropriate dose(s) and regimen(s) for Part 2. In Part 2, the dose expansion phase, a maximum of 28 additional patients will be randomized 1:1 to the MTD determined in Part 1 and the starting dose (assuming the MTD is not the starting dose), to further evaluate the safety and efficacy of the study drug combination.
Description
PRIMARY OBJECTIVE:
I. To evaluate the safety and tolerability and determine the dose-limiting toxicity and the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of the combination of daunorubicin & cytarabine chemotherapy plus Venetoclax for patients with AML
SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:
I. To assess efficacy by response per 2022 ELN and revised International Working Group (IWG) criteria.
II. To determine additional response parameters: CR/CRi and CR/CRh rates.
III. To determine time to response variables including overall survival (OS), event-free survival (EFS) and duration of response (DOR)
Dose Escalation Cohorts:
A minimum of 3 patients will be treated in each cohort (dose level) sequentially in a 3+3 design. Patients will receive the Venetoclax plus daunorubicin/cytarabine combination as shown below
Patients aged ≤ 60 years
Cohort 1A:
Daunorubicin 60mg/m2 intravenously (IV) daily on days 2-4 Cytarabine 100mg/m2 IV daily on Days 2-8 Venetoclax 100mg orally on Day 1, 200mg on Day 2, 400mg on Days 3-8
Cohort 2A:
Daunorubicin 90mg/m2 IV daily on Days 2-4 Cytarabine 100mg/m2 IV daily on Days 2-8 Venetoclax 100mg orally on Day 1, 200mg on Day 2, 400mg on Days 3-8
Cohort 3A:
Daunorubicin 60mg/m2 IV daily on Days 2-4 Cytarabine 100mg/m2 IV daily on Days 2-8 Venetoclax 100mg orally on Day 1, 200mg on Day 2, 400mg on Days 3-11
Cohort 4A:
Daunorubicin 60mg/m2 IV daily on Days 2-4 Cytarabine 100mg/m2 IV daily on Days 2-8 Venetoclax 100mg orally on Day 1, 200mg on Day 2, 400mg on Days 3-14
Note: No DLTs in induction phase have been observed and Cohort 3A has completed enrollment. However, the daunorubicin dose of 90mg/m2 will not be further studied due to recently reported results of no superiority over the dose of 60mg/m2.
Patients >60 years
Cohort 1B:
Daunorubicin 60mg/m2 IV daily on Days 2-4 Cytarabine 100mg/m2 IV daily on Days 2-8 Venetoclax 100mg orally on Day 1, 200mg on Day 2, 400mg on Days 3-8
Cohort 2B:
Daunorubicin 60mg/m2 IV daily on Days 2-4 Cytarabine 100mg/m2 IV daily on Days 2-8 Venetoclax 100mg orally on Day 1, 200mg on Day 2, 400mg on Day 3-11
Cohort 3B:
Daunorubicin 60mg/m2 IV daily on Days 2-4 Cytarabine 100mg/m2 IV daily on Days 2-8 Venetoclax 100mg orally on Day 1, 200mg on Day 2, 400mg on Days 3-14
Expansion Cohort(s):
A maximum of 28 additional patients aged ≤ 60 years and 28 patients >60 years will be randomized (1:1) to the MTD the starting dose (assuming the MTD is not the starting dose), to further evaluate safety and efficacy of the study drug combination and identify the optimal phase 2 dose.
Consolidation Phase:
Patients who achieve CRc post induction will proceed to consolidation therapy with high-dose cytarabine in combination with escalating doses of Venetoclax. The 3+3 algorithm will be applied for dose escalation/de-escalation of Venetoclax in combination with Cytarabine. As of February 2023, there have been 2/6 hematologic DLTs in consolidation cohort 1B, therefore we will no longer give Venetoclax in combination with high-dose cytarabine during the consolidation phase, in pts >60 yrs of age. We will also not explore dose escalation of Venetoclax during consolidation in the 60-year-old or younger age-group before RP2D of induction is determined. All subjects ≤ 60yrs will be treated at the consolidation Cohort 1A dose.
Patients ≤ 60 years
Consolidation cohort 1A:
Cytarabine 1.5gr/m2 every 12 hours on Days 1, 3, 5 Venetoclax 200mg on Days 1-7
Patients >60 years
Consolidation cohort 1B:
Cytarabine 1gr/m2 every 12 hours on days 1, 3, 5
A minimum of 3 patients will be treated in each cohort (dose level) sequentially in a 3+3 design. Additional 3 subjects may be backfilled to lower dose levels so that each cohort will reach a total of 6 subjects. Once the MTD is reached, a maximum of 28 additional patients will be randomized 1:1 to the MTD or a dose level below the MTD the starting dose (assuming the MTD is not the starting dose) for a total of up to 20 patients (6 from Part 1, 20 from Part 2) treated at each of those dose levels. A maximum of 52 patients (including backfill and expansion cohorts) 60 years or younger and 46 patients older than 60 years may be enrolled in this Phase 1b study.
Eligibility
Inclusion Criteria:
- New diagnosis of AML by WHO criteria. Patients with higher risk MDS (R-IPSS>3.5) and 10% blasts or more, or proliferative (WBC ≥ 13 x 10⁹/L) CMML-2 are also eligible at the discretion of the PI. Patients having received any prior hypomethylating agent with or without BCL2 inhibitor therapy for MDS/AML are also eligible at the discretion of the PI
- Patients ≥ 18 to ≤ 75 years.
- Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Status of ≤ 2
- Adequate renal function including creatinine clearance > 30 mL/min based on the Cockcroft Gault equation.
- Adequate hepatic function including total bilirubin < 1.5x ULN unless increase is due to Gilbert's disease or leukemic involvement, and AST and/or ALT < 3x ULN unless considered due to leukemic involvement
- Ability to understand and provide signed informed consent
- Male subjects must agree to refrain from unprotected sex and sperm donation from initial study drug administration until 90 days after the last dose of study drug.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Patients with t(15;17) karyotypic abnormality or acute promyelocytic leukemia (FAB class M3-AML)
- Subject has known active CNS involvement with AML
- Patients with New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class III or IV congestive heart failure or LVEF <45% by echocardiogram or multi-gated acquisition (MUGA) scan
- Patients with a history of myocardial infarction within the last 6 months or unstable / uncontrolled angina pectoris or history of severe and/or uncontrolled ventricular arrhythmias
- Patients with uncontrolled infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or active Hepatitis B or C
- Patients with known dysphagia, short-gut syndrome, or other conditions that would affect the ingestion or gastrointestinal absorption of drugs administered orally.
- Subject has any other significant medical or psychiatric history that in the opinion of the investigator would adversely affect participation in this study.
- Subject has a white blood cell count > 25 x 10⁹/L. (Note: Hydroxyurea and/or cytarabine (1 or 2 doses; up to 2 is permitted to meet this criterion.)
- Nursing women, women of childbearing potential (WOCBP) with positive urine pregnancy test, or women of childbearing potential who are not willing to maintain adequate contraception. Appropriate method(s) of contraception include oral or injectable hormonal birth control, IUD, and double barrier methods (for example a condom in combination with a spermicide).