Overview
Each participant will be asked to participate in this research study which distinguishes different types of Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome. Research studies include only people who wish to participate. The study team members will explain the study to each participant, and all questions about the study will be answered. Each participant will be given adequate time when deciding to participate in this study. Should the participant consent to participate, then the participant will agree to undergo have a single Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) test that involves the use of radio waves and a powerful magnet which are linked to a computer that looks at the bladder. The MRI test is being performed to see if the bladder is leaky, which would suggest Interstitial Cystitis (IC). The MRI test involves placing Gadobutrol and Ferumoxytol into the bladder using a sterile catheter, a small hollow tube through which fluids pass. Preliminary data suggests that IC patients with Hunners lesions have increased Gadobutrol in the bladder wall lining.
Description
Visit 1 and Visit 2 (for cystoscopy if not recently performed): Potential subjects seen in the clinic as part of routine clinical care that meet inclusion and exclusion criteria will only participate in the study. Urine pregnancy test (if childbearing potential) and dip Urinalysis (UA) test (to screen for UTI) will be done on visit 1. Many of the patients screened for this study will have already had cystoscopy performed within the last 6 months as this is done to determine if patients have either Hunners lesion IC (HIC) or non-Hunners lesion IC (NHIC). Patients who have had a recent cystoscopy won't need repeat cystoscopy done during a second visit; however, if no cystoscopy has been performed within the past 6 months, cystoscopy will be performed on a second visit within 2-4 weeks of visit 1. Dip UA test (to screen for UTI) will be done on visit 2 prior to cystoscopy for those participants who have not had cystoscopy within the last 6 months. Asymptomatic control patients will need cystoscopy during visit 2 if no prior cystoscopy has been performed within the past 6 months. Thus, all participants will submit to visit 1 for screening and signing of informed consent. Visit 2 for cystoscopy will only be necessary for those patients who have not had cystoscopy performed within 6 months of completing informed consent on visit 1.
Eligibility
Inclusion Criteria:
18-80 years old subjects from both genders and an IC/BPS diagnosis with a cystoscopic
finding of Hunner lesions or absence and also have the following:
1. Pain (suprapubic, pelvic, urethral, vaginal or perineal) associated with bladder
storage symptoms and pain on bladder filling that is relieved upon emptying
2. Urgency or nocturia (average of >1 nocturnal void over 3 consecutive days on bladder
diary). The O'Leary-Sant Interstitial cystitis symptom index (ICSI) and Interstitial
cystitis problem index (ICPI) are valid and reliable measures of IC/BPS symptoms, and
only IC/BPS patients with scores of ICSI of > 9 and an ICPI > 8 will be recruited.
Age matched controls with no abnormal cystoscopic findings and with no bladder storage
symptoms will be recruited.
Exclusion Criteria:
1. Patients with urinary incontinence, suspicion for UTI on urine dipstick, history of
recurrent UTIs, or history of spinal cord injury. Notwithstanding the fact that
chronic bladder inflammation of IC/BPS patients evokes higher bladder permeability to
instilled radiolabeled sodium chloride than acute inflammation of UTI patients, the
investigators plan to exclude patients with UTIs as a confounding factor to rigorously
establish the link between Hunner lesion and bladder permeability.
2. Patients with current diagnosis or previous history of urologic malignancy, prior
bladder augmentation surgery, pelvic radiation, serum creatinine >1.5mg/dl, diabetes
mellitus, untreated hypertension, and proteinuria.
3. Participants in whom magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is contraindicated including,
but not limited to, those with a pacemaker, presence of metallic fragments near the
eyes or spinal cord, or cochlear implant, any other implanted MRI non-compatible
device of any type (cardiac pacemaker, sacral neuromodulation device, and shunt)
4. Patients who are claustrophobic, cannot sign informed consent, or have a past allergic
reaction to either Gadobutrol or Ferumoxytol and any history of allergic reaction to
any intravenous iron product.
5. Women of child-bearing age who are pregnant or plan to become pregnant (urine
pregnancy test will be performed for premenopausal women with no history of prior
hysterectomy)
6. Patients who cannot safely refrain from taking any analgesics or
steroidal/non-steroidal anti-inflammatory or immunosuppressive drugs for one week
preceding the MRI to avoid any confounding effect of anti-inflammatory drugs on
bladder permeability.
7. Any patient with a history of allergic reaction to any intravenous iron product.