Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Imaging of Neuroinflammation in Patients With Neurological Dysfunction After Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV 2) Infection

Overview

This clinical imaging study will use the small molecule translocator protein (TSPO) ligand, Fluorodeoxyglucose(18F)-labeled DPA-714, to visualize and quantify neuroinflammation in individuals with post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC) . The brain uptake of DPA-714 will be contrasted with healthy subjects.

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

1. 18 to 65 years of age
2. Healthy volunteer OR Clinical diagnosis of post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC)
3. High or mixed affinity binder for TSPO ligands based on genotyping for single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs6971.
4. PASC participants must have been previously infected with SARS-CoV-2. Their neurological symptoms must have been present for at least four weeks prior to the enrollment.
5. Healthy control participants must have no neurological symptoms

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Contraindication to MRI
2. Pregnancy
3. Lactation
4. Individuals who are unable to participate in the imaging portion due to severity of their medical condition
5. Chronic infectious disease (e.g. HIV, HCV)
6. Viral or bacterial illness requiring medical attention and/or antibiotics within 1 month of study participation
7. Diagnosis of cancer, including leukemia
8. Blood or blood clotting disorder
9. Except for individuals with Multiple Sclerosis (MS), a diagnosis of autoimmune disease is exclusionary
10. Positive urine β-hCG test day of procedure or a serum human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) test within 48 hours prior to the administration of [18F]DPA-714.11.

        11Currently enrolled in a clinical trial utilizing experimental therapies. 12. Currently
        taking experimental therapies 13. Low affinity binder for TSPO ligands based on genotyping
        for SNP rs6971.
        The following exclusionary criteria apply only to PASC patients and healthy controls:
        14. Self-reported history of moderate or severe traumatic brain injury 15. Self-reported
        history of whiplash injury 16. Self-reported history of Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
        (Individuals with Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) and no signs of inflammation will be
        allowed to participate.) 17. The following blood test results (at screening) will be
        exclusionary: 18. Rheumatoid Factor (RF) => 14 IntUnits/mL, 19. Anti-nuclear antibody (ANA)
        > 1:80, 20. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) > 60mm/hour, 21.High sensitivity
        C-reactive protein (hsCRP) > 10mg/L, 22. Complete blood count (CBC) results indicating
        acute infection, anemia, or other condition, 23. T3, T4, or thyroid-stimulating hormone
        (TSH) levels out of normal range, 24. Fasting glucose > 100 mg/dL, 25. Blood chemistry
        results indicating organ damage or other serious medical condition 26. Use of illicit
        substances within the past 6 months 27. Self-reported diagnosis of Type I or Type II
        diabetes 28. Healthy controls must not regularly take over-the-counter anti-inflammatory
        medication, analgesics (except aspirin), or sleep medication