Overview
The efficiency of the D3 lymph node dissection is still controversial for left colon cancer patients. This study will try find difference in 5-year overall survival between D2 and D3 lymph node dissection. Investigation of the functional and short-term outcomes will clarify safety of the D3 lymph node dissection.
Description
Discussion about optimal type of lymph node dissection in colorectal cancer continues during last 15 years, when in Europe was presented concept of complete mesocolic excision. However, this concepts is very close to Japanese D3 lymph node dissection and in the first view it seems the same but principal differences were found. Japanese concept is partial resection of the bowel according feeding artery (short bowel specimen, long lymphovascular pedicle), opposite European concept is wide resection of the bowel like hemicolectomy or extended hemicolectomy, sigmoidectomy. In complete mesocolic excision anatomical landmarks are still unclear but in Japanese guidelines it has anatomical margins which can standardize this procedure. Also nerve sparing technique around root of inferior mesenteric artery was described. One more difference is in histological examination of the specimen. European concept is to pay more attention to the quality of complete mesocolic excision and less - to the number of investigated lymph nodes. In Japan lymph node extraction is performed by surgical team from the fresh specimen and send to pathologist separately (each group of lymph nodes). Considering the absence of randomized control trials for patients with left colon cancer DILEMMA trial was started using Japanese approach
Eligibility
Inclusion Criteria:
- Agreement of the patient to participate in trial
- Colon cancer (only adenocarcinoma )
- The tumor located between the splenic flexure and rectosigmoid junction
- cT3-Т4а,b
- cN0-2
- cM0
- Tolerance of chemotherapy
- ASA 1-3
Exclusion Criteria:
- сТis - Т2, сТ4b (tail of the pancreas, stomach, small bowel, ureter, urinary bladder)
- Preoperative complications of the tumor (perforation and full bowel 3. obstruction)
- Previous radiotherapy or chemotherapy
- Synchronous or metachronous tumors
- Women during Pregnancy or breast feeding period