Overview
The obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) involves recurrent sleep-related upper airways (UA) collapse. UA mechanical properties and neural control are altered, imposing a mechanical load on inspiration. UA collapse does not occur during wakefulness, hence arousal-dependent compensation. Experimental inspiratory loading in normal subjects elicits respiratory-related cortical activity during wakefulness. The objective of this study is to test whether awake OSAS patients would exhibit a similar cortical activity. Whether or not such cortical compensatory mechanisms have cognitive consequences would be also analyze.
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria :
- OSAS patients
- severe OSAS with an Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI) > 30/h
- without CPAP treatment
- Non-OSAS patients
- absence of OSAS (AHI < 15/h and absence of excessive daytime sleepiness with Epworth score <11)
Non-inclusion criteria :
- < 18 years old
- >75 years old
- left-handed
- BMI> 40 kg/m²
- another sleep disorder
- central component of sleep apnea syndrome (central apnea index> 5 / h)
- current or past neurological pathology
- respiratory pathology (obstructive ventilatory disorder, restrictive ventilatory disorder, hypercapnia)
- MRI contraindication (metallic foreign body, claustrophobia, pregnant woman, etc.)
- taking drugs that can modify the BOLD signal on MRI (psychotropic drugs, vasodilators, vasoconstrictors, etc.),
- uncorrected sensory impairment (vision or hearing)
- protected by law.
Exclusion criteria :
- pregnant woman according to the positive beta-hCG test result
- left-handed following the laterality questionnaire
- MINI results showing:
- a current mood episode
- a current disorder of the use of psychoactive substances or in the last 6 months (excluding tobacco)
- an eating disorder
- a diagnosis of bipolar disorder, current or past schizophrenia