Overview

Primary muscle tension dysphonia voice disorder with symptoms of vocal strain and vocal fatigue is common and can have a significant negative impact on quality of Life. Yet, primary muscle tension dysphonia's causes are unknown precluding precise diagnostic classification. Stress and personality are thought to play a role and thus, the project aims to determine the practical and clinical effect of stress on the control of voice and speech in the brain. Participants are female early career teachers and student teachers with symptoms of vocal fatigue, as well as control participants without vocal fatigue, who perform speech tasks on two different occasions. Neural (imaging of brain), psychobiological (saliva, personality), and voice and speech (muscle activity of voice muscles on the neck with surface sensors, audio recordings) data will compare reactivity patterns of teachers who are stressresponders with those who are nonresponders as well as control participants. The central hypothesis is that voice box stress responders have heightened emotion-motor activations involving the emotional voice production pathway, which correlate with changes in voice muscle activity in the anterior neck. The results will provide fundamentally missing data in our understanding of the role of stress in vocal complaints and will yield new insights about the neural underpinnings of primary muscle tension dysphonia. The study findings will have a significant impact on how clinicians identify so-called laryngoresponders to help them prevent voice disorders.

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

        Teachers (max. 10 years full-time) or student teachers in good health between 21 and 39
        years with symptoms of vocal fatigue.
        Control participants in good health between 21 and 39 years without symptoms of vocal
        fatigue.
        Exclusion Criteria:
          -  Lefthandedness
          -  Smoking (past 5 years)
          -  Known changes of the vocal folds (e.g., vocal fold nodules), vocal fold paralysis,
             surgeries on the larynx or thryoid or current organic or neurological changes of the
             vocal folds or vocal function per videoendoscopy and -stroboscopy of the larynx
          -  History of voice therapy
          -  Hoarseness
          -  Respiratory illness, allergies (respiratory, silver), reflux or asthma at time of
             participation
          -  Hearing disorder or hearing aids
          -  Psychological, neurological or endocrinological disorders
          -  Psychotropic or steorid medications
          -  Body mass index > 30
          -  Indications against MRI such as metail parts in or on the body (e.g., permanent dental
             prostheses or braces, screws, prostheses, piercings or large tattoos
          -  Nearsightedness > -5 diopters, if only glasses are worn
          -  Claustrophobia
          -  Pregnancy