Overview
Obesity is now becoming a worldwide serious problem. Obesity is associated with a spectrum of severe diseases, including diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancers. Lipocalin 2 (LCN2), also known as neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL), is a member of the lipocalin family. Due to its upregulated expression in infection, LCN2 is originally considered to be a key regulator of immune response. Subsequent investigations revealed that LCN2 is expressed in many tissues and is related to a variety of diseases, including obesity. LCN2 was reported to be increased in obesity individuals. Thus, the investigators decide to investigate the relationship between LCN2 and obesity.
Eligibility
Inclusion Criteria:
- age ranged from 16-65 years old, 2) BMI over 37.5kg/m2, or BMI over 32.5kg/m2 with diabetes which meets the recommended cut off bariatric surgery of the Guidelines for surgical treatment of obesity accompanied with or without type 2 diabetes in China.
Exclusion Criteria:
- secondary cause of obesity such as hypothalamic obesity, Cushing syndrome, and hypophysis dysfunction, etc.,2)pregnancy or location, 3) contraindications for laparoscopic surgery, such as gastrointestinal diseases of intra-abdominal infection, adhesion, etc., 4) severe heart, liver and kidney dysfunction, 5) organic and systemic diseases intolerant of surgery.